In order to evaluate the product’s adaptability and resistance to shock environments during its storage, transportation, and use life span. The impact environment test of the product must be carried out, the purpose of which is to:
a) Evaluate the ability of the product to undergo non-repetitive strong impact conditions during use; the structural integrity and functional stability of the product;
b) Evaluate the vulnerability of the product’s outer packaging to protect the structural and functional integrity of the product during transportation:
c) When the product is installed on a platform where collision may occur, the strength (damage), stiffness (deformation) and impact on the product of the device used to fix the product on the platform need to be assessed and tested;
d) Evaluate the degree of impact on product performance caused by possible throwing, dropping, or free falling during loading, unloading, transportation, installation, and debugging.
Products will be stimulated by various impacts during use, loading, unloading, and transportation. The magnitude of these impacts changes greatly and has different impact characteristics. Therefore, there are different types of impact test projects used to simulate different impact environmental effects. GB/T 2423.5 “Basic Environmental Testing Procedures for Electrical and Electronic Products” breaks down the impact test into the following 6 types
1) Shock
This test uses high-acceleration shock to simulate the effects of non-repetitive strong impacts that components and equipment may be subjected to during use and transportation. In particular, a known shock force is applied to the internal structure of products with cavities to assess the integrity of the product structure.
2) Bump
This test is used to simulate the effects of repeated impacts that components, parts and equipment may experience during transportation when installed in different types of vehicles.
3) Tipping and overturning
This is a simple test used to evaluate the effects of knocks or impacts to which equipment-type samples may be subjected during maintenance work or when they are handled roughly on a workbench or in a rack.
4) Free fall drop (Method 1)
This is a simple test used to evaluate the effects of drops a product may undergo due to rough handling during transportation. The test is also suitable for verifying strength levels.
5) Free fall drop (Method 2)
This test is used to simulate the effect of repeated free drops of certain component-type samples, such as connectors in use, which may be subject to repeated impacts.
6)Bounce test
This test is used to simulate the effects of random impact conditions that bulk cargo loaded in the compartment of a wheeled vehicle may be subjected to when transported on uneven roads. When implementing impact and collision test projects, the sample should be fixed on the impact test bench.
When conducting tipping and overturning, free fall, repeated free fall and bouncing tests, the sample should be in an unfixed, unconstrained, and freely movable state.
